CONTENT Level 1

1-1 Units

SI Units, incl. Definition and History, Base Quantities, Derived Quantities, Prefixes of Units, Angles, Conversion Degrees <-> Radian, Conventional Measuring and Test Equipment

1-2 Coordinate Systems

(Mathematical) Drawing Plane, Origin, Cartesian Coordinates, Right-Hand Rule, Translation and Rotation, Polar Coordinates, Cylindrical and Spherical Coordinate System

1-3 Coordinate Measuring Machines

History of Coordinate measuring machines, Cantilever/Bridge/Column/Gantry Types, Differences in the Types, Axis Guide, Measuring Computer and Software, Work Holding Fixture, Accuracy of Coordinate Measuring Machines, CAA Correction, Form Measuring Machines

1-4 Sensors

Sensor selection, Stylus System, Stylus, optical sensors, Image Processing, Laser Triangulation

1-5 Basic definitions

Drawing Entries (Dimensions, Tolerance Symbols), Standard Reference, Differences Nominal Element - Real Element - Extracted Element - Associated Element, Free Form surfaces

1-6 Dimensional Tolerance

Dimensional Tolerances, Taylor?s Principle, Standards, Symbols and Drawing Entries, Length Dimensions, Angular Dimensions, Limiting Dimensions and Fits, ISO Fitting/Mating System, Common Tolerances

1-7 Geometric elements

Standard form elements: Plane/ Cylinder/ Cone/ Sphere/ Line/ Circle/ Point/ Ellipse, Vector, Normal Vector, Minimum Number of Points, Projection

1-8 Geometric constructions

Calculation of characteristics out of two geometrical features (distance, angle), Calculation of features out of two geometrical features (Intersection, Symmetry), Calculation of new features out of some geometrical features (Construction)

1-9 Preparing a Measurement on the Coordinate Measuring Machine

Standardized Temperature, Part Cleaning, Temperature Control, Fixturing, (Avoiding Distortion), Fixturing Systems, CMM and Software Startup

1-10 Stylus Selection and Qualification

Stylus System Selection, Stylus Qualification, Reference Sphere, Reference Stylus, Stylus Sphere Radius Correction, Stylus Tip Bending Correction, Mechanical Filter Effect of the Stylus, Errors of Incorrect Qualification,

1-11 Measuring using Coordinate Measuring Machines

Determining part Coordinate System, Difference to Control Coordinate System, Manual and automatic Alignment, Probing, References, Consequences of Collisions, Number of Probing Points and their Distribution, Influences on measuring result

1-12 Evaluation of Measurement and Statistics

Association methods (Gauss, Maximum Inscribed, Minimum Circumscribed, Minimum Zone), ISO 1101, ISO 14405 and ASME, Modifier symbols (ISO), Statistical Parameters, Mean value, range, standard deviation, median, Outliers, Scattering, Histogram Representation

1-13 Inspection planning

Completely defined characteristic, Purpose of the Measurement, Production of workpiece, Function of workpiece, Feature description, Manufacturing Methods and Accuracies, Shape Deviations, Uncertainty Effects, Awareness of Measuring Uncertainty, Inspection planning, Identifying measuring features

1-14 Documentation and Quality Management

Measurement Reports, Quality Control Charts, Cooperation between Design - Production - Testing, Reproducible and Clear Measurement Documentation, Measuring Strategy documentation

CONTENT Level 2

2-1 Overview of the Entire Measuring Process

Short repetition of the contents of stage 1

2-2 Geometric Overview

Standard Geometric Elements, Surface and Space Points, Punched Hole/Slot, Tetragonal/Hexagonal Hole, Symmetry, Perpendicular, Parallelism, Angle in Space, Coordinate System Transformations

2-3 Form, Orientation and Location Tolerances

Introduction to GD&T (ISO and ASME), Symbols and Drawing Entries, Form Tolerances, Orientation, Location and Runout Tolerances, Principle of inependency and envelope requirement, ASME rule #1

2-4 Measuring Strategy

Define Clamping Setups and References (Practical Instructions), Order of Reference and Origin Selection, Iterative Alignment, Alignment According to the 3-2-1 and Best-Fit Methods (3-D Fit), Measuring Element and Auxiliary Elements, Machine Grid Measurements, Contour Measurements, Measurement with Cylinder Surfaces, etc.

2-5 Probing Strategy - Tactile Sensors

Number and Distribution of Probing Points, Probing Force and Speed, incl. Material Properties, Stylus Diameter, Special Styli, Scanning

2-6 Probing Strategy - Image Processing

Single-shot measurement, Multi-shot measurement, Edge finder, contour image processing, local threshold and gradient method, illumination, filter, scanning, auto focus

2-7 Probing Strategy - Distance Sensors

Laser triangulation sensors, Foucault sensor, White light sensor, Light section sensor, autofocus, Photogrammetry, Fringe protection, Influence on the measuring results

2-8 Computer Tomography

Physical principle, tomography on the image, initial samplings, deviations to the nominal geometry, measurement of sections, checking the material structure

2-9 CNC Programming

Types of CNC programming, principles of structured programming, user interfaces, parametric programming, program design - optimizing for cycle time and accuracy, feature-based measurement, offline collision simulation

2-10 Measurement of Free Form Surfaces

Element types in Free Form Surface Metrology, basics, procedures in free form surface metrology, referencing and probing strategies

2-11 Evaluation

Evaluation Criteria: Function-oriented and Manufacturing-oriented Evaluation Methods, Differences in the Association Methods, Constructions, Digital filtering, Measurement Logs

2-12 Effects on the Measurement Result

Effects on the Measurement Result, Reduction of Measurement Uncertainty, Detection and Reduction of Systematic and Random Effects, Temperature Compensation

2-13 Documentation

Principles of Documented and Reproducible Documentation, Graphic Evaluation, Form Plots, Measurement Reports and their improvement, documentation of fixturing, sensors, qualification, clamping and measurement strategy

2-14 Good Measurement Practice

Metrology adds value, Good Measurement Practice, Necessity of Cooperation